I hadn't realised that explaining how a COBOL "IF x AND y" statement translates into CIL code differs from a simple "IF x" one from the compiler's point of view could be the subject of a multi-thousand word essay. Sitting at 500 words of bullet points and code snippets here, with no solution yet. This is *NOT* over-documenting - it's barely touching on the complexities of implementing conditional statements in a compiler for a high-level language. I just know that the solution will be *MUCH* simpler than the explanation though.